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Authoring Site Topology

Drydock uses a YAML-formatted site topology definition to configure downstream drivers to provision baremetal nodes. This topology describes the networking configuration of a site as well as the set of node configurations that will be deployed. A node configuration consists of network attachment, network addressing, local storage, kernel selection and configuration and metadata.

The best source for a sample of the YAML schema for a topology is the unit test input source in ./tests/yaml_samples/fullsite.yaml.

Defining Networking

Network definitions in the topology are described by two document types: NetworkLink and Network. NetworkLink describes a physical or logical link between a node and switch. It is concerned with attributes that must be agreed upon by both endpoints: bonding, media speed, trunking, etc. A Network describes the layer 2 and layer 3 networks accessible over a link.

Network Links

The NetworkLink document defines layer 1 and layer 2 attributes that should be in-sync between the node and the switch. Each link can support a single untagged VLAN and 0 or more tagged VLANs.

Example YAML schema of the NetworkLink spec:

spec:
  bonding:
    mode: 802.3ad
    hash: layer3+4
    peer_rate: slow
  mtu: 9000
  linkspeed: auto
  trunking:
    mode: 802.1q
  allowed_networks:
    - public
    - mgmt

bonding describes combining multiple physical links into a single logical link (aka LAG or link aggregation group).

  • mode: What bonding mode to configure

    • disabled: Do not configure a bond
    • 802.3ad: Use 802.3ad dynamic aggregation (aka LACP)
    • active-backup: Use static active/standby bonding
    • balanced-rr: Use static round-robin bonding

For a mode of 802.3ad the optional attributes below are available:

  • hash: The link selection hash. Supported values are layer3+4, layer2+3, layer2. Default is layer3+4
  • peer_rate: How frequently to send LACP control frames. Supported values are fast and slow. Default is fast
  • mon_rate: Interval between checking link state in milliseconds. Default is 100
  • up_delay: Delay in milliseconds between a link coming up and being marked up in the bond. Must be greater than mon_rate. Default is 200
  • down_delay: Delay in milliseconds between a link going down and being marked down in the bond. Must be greater than mon_rate. Default is 200

mtu is the maximum transmission unit for the link. It must be equal or greater than the MTU of any VLAN interfaces using the link. Default is 1500.

linkspeed is the physical layer speed and duplex. Recommended to always be auto

trunking describes how multiple layer 2 networks will be multiplexed on the link.

  • mode: Can be disabled for no trunking or 802.1q for standard VLAN tagging
  • default_network: For mode: disabled, this is the single network on the link. For mode: 802.1q this is optionally the network accessed by untagged frames.

allowed_networks is a sequence of network names listing all networks allowed on this link. Each Network can be listed on one and only one NetworkLink.

Network

The Network document defines the layer 2 and layer 3 networks nodes will access. Each Network is accessible over exactly one NetworkLink. However that NetworkLink can be attached to different interfaces on different nodes to support changing hardware configurations.

Example YAML schema of the Network spec:

spec:
  vlan: '102'
  mtu: 1500
  cidr: 172.16.3.0/24
  ranges:
    - type: static
      start: 172.16.3.15
      end: 172.16.3.200
    - type: dhcp
      start: 172.16.3.201
      end: 172.16.3.254
  routes:
    - subnet: 0.0.0.0/0
      gateway: 172.16.3.1
      metric: 10
  dns:
    domain: sitename.example.com
    servers: 8.8.8.8

If a Network is accessible over a NetworkLink using 802.1q VLAN tagging, the vlan attribute specified the VLAN tag for this Network. It should be omitted for non-tagged Networks.

mtu is the maximum transmission unit for this Network. Must be equal or less than the mtu defined for the hosting NetworkLink. Can be omitted to default to the NetworkLink mtu.

cidr is the classless inter-domain routing address for the network.

ranges defines a sequence of IP addresses within the defined cidr. Ranges cannot overlap.

  • type: The type of address range.

    • static: A range used for static, explicit address assignments for nodes.
    • dhcp: A range used for assigning DHCP addresses. Note that a network being used for PXE booting must have a DHCP range defined.
    • reserved: A range of addresses that will not be used by MaaS.

  • start: The starting IP of the range, inclusive.

  • end: The last IP of the range, inclusive

NOTE: Static routes are not currently implemented beyond specifying a route for ``0.0.0.0/0`` for default route routes defines a list of static routes to be configured on nodes attached to this network.

  • subnet: Destination CIDR for the route
  • gateway: The gateway IP on this Network to use for accessing the destination
  • metric: The metric or weight for this route

dns is used for specifying the list of DNS servers to use if this network is the primary network for the node.

  • servers: A comma-separated list of IP addresses to use for DNS resolution
  • domain: A domain that can be used for automated registration of IP addresses assigned from this Network

DHCP Relay

DHCP relaying is used when a DHCP server is not attached to the same layer 2 broadcast domain as nodes that are being PXE booted. The DHCP requests from the node are consumed by the relay (generally configured on a top-of-rack switch) which then encapsulates the request in layer 3 routing and sends it to an upstream DHCP server. The Network spec supports a dhcp_relay key for Networks that should relay DHCP requests.

  • The Network must have a configured DHCP relay, this is not configured by Drydock or MaaS.
  • The upstream_target IP address must be a host IP address for a MaaS rack controller
  • The Network must have a defined DHCP address range.
  • The upstream target network must have a defined DHCP address range.

The dhcp_relay stanza:

dhcp_relay:
  upstream_target: 172.16.4.100

Defining Node Configuration

Node configuration is defined in three documents: HostProfile, HardwareProfile and BaremetalNode. HardwareProfile defines attributes directly related to hardware configuration such as card-slot layout and firmware levels. HostProfile is a generic definition for how a node should be configured such that many nodes can reference a single HostProfile and each will be configured identically. A BaremetalNode is a concrete reference to the particular physical node. The BaremetalNode definition will reference a HostProfile and can then extend or override any of the configuration values.

Example HostProfile and BaremetalNode configuration:

---
apiVersion: 'drydock/v1'
kind: HostProfile
metadata:
  name: defaults
  region: sitename
  date: 17-FEB-2017
  author: sh8121@att.com
spec:
  # configuration values
---
apiVersion: 'drydock/v1'
kind: HostProfile
metadata:
  name: compute_node
  region: sitename
  date: 17-FEB-2017
  author: sh8121@att.com
spec:
  host_profile: defaults
  # compute_node customizations to defaults
---
apiVersion: 'drydock/v1'
kind: BaremetalNode
metadata:
  name: compute01
  region: sitename
  date: 17-FEB-2017
  author: sh8121@att.com
spec:
  host_profile: compute_node
  # configuration customization specific to single node compute01

In the above example, the compute_node HostProfile adopts all values from the defaults HostProfile and can then override defined values or append additional values. BaremetalNode compute01 then adopts all values from the compute_node HostProfile (which includes all the configuration items it adopted from defaults) and can then again override or append any configuration that is specific to that node.

Defining Node Interfaces and Network Addressing

Node network attachment can be described in a HostProfile or a BaremetalNode document. Node addressing is allowed only in a BaremetalNode document. If a HostProfile or BaremetalNode needs to remove a defined interface from an inherited configuration, it can set the mapping value for the interface name to null.

Once the interface attachments to networks is defined, HostProfile and BaremetalNode specs must define a primary_network attribute to denote which network the node should use as the primary route.

Interfaces

Interfaces for a node can be described in either a HostProfile or BaremetalNode definition. This will attach a defined NetworkLink to a host interface and define which Networks should be configured to use that interface.

Example interface definition YAML schema:

interfaces:
  pxe:
    device_link: pxe
    labels:
      pxe: true
    slaves:
      - prim_nic01
    networks:
      - pxe
  bond0:
    device_link: gp
    slaves:
      - prim_nic01
      - prim_nic02
    networks:
      - mgmt
      - private

Each key in the interfaces mapping is a defined interface. The key is the name that will be used on the deployed node for the interface. The value must be a mapping defining the interface configuration or null to denote removal of that interface for an inherited configuration.

  • device_link: The name of the defined NetworkLink that will be attached to this interface. The NetworkLink definition includes part of the interface configuration such as bonding.
  • labels: Metadata for describing this interface.
  • slaves: The list of hardware interfaces used for creating this interface. This value can be a device alias defined in the HardwareProfile or the kernel name of the hardware interface. For bonded interfaces, this would list all the slaves. For non-bonded interfaces, this should list the single hardware interface used.
  • networks: This is the list of networks to enable on this interface. If multiple networks are listed, the NetworkLink attached to this interface must have trunking enabled or the design validation will fail.

Addressing

Addressing for a node can only be defined in a BaremetalNode definition. The addressing stanza simply defines a static IP address or dhcp for each network a node should have a configured layer 3 interface on. It is a valid design to omit networks from the addressing stanza, in that case the interface attached to the omitted network will be configured as link up with no address.

Example addressing YAML schema:

addressing:
  - network: pxe
    address: dhcp
  - network: mgmt
    address: 172.16.1.21
  - network: private
    address: 172.16.2.21
  - network: oob
    address: 172.16.100.21

Defining Node Storage

Storage can be defined in the storage stanza of either a HostProfile or BaremetalNode document. The storage configuration can describe the creation of partitions on physical disks, the assignment of physical disks and/or partitions to volume groups, and the creation of logical volumes. Drydock will make a best effort to parse out system-level storage such as the root filesystem or boot filesystem and take appropriate steps to configure them in the active node provisioning driver. At a minimum, the storage configuration must contain a root filesystem partition.

Example YAML schema of the storage stanza:

storage:
  physical_devices:
    sda:
      labels:
        bootdrive: true
      partitions:
        - name: 'root'
          size: '10g'
          bootable: true
          filesystem:
            mountpoint: '/'
            fstype: 'ext4'
            mount_options: 'defaults'
        - name: 'boot'
          size: '1g'
          filesystem:
            mountpoint: '/boot'
            fstype: 'ext4'
            mount_options: 'defaults'
    sdb:
      volume_group: 'log_vg'
  volume_groups:
    log_vg:
      logical_volumes:
        - name: 'log_lv'
          size: '500m'
          filesystem:
            mountpoint: '/var/log'
            fstype: 'xfs'
            mount_options: 'defaults'

Schema

The storage stanza can contain two top-level keys: physical_devices and volume_groups. The latter is optional.

Physical Devices and Partitions

A physical device can either be carved up in partitions (including a single partition consuming the entire device) or added to a volume group as a physical volume. Each key in the physical_devices mapping represents a device on a node. The key should either be a device alias defined in the HardwareProfile or the name of the device published by the OS. The value of each key must be a mapping with the following keys

  • labels: A mapping of key/value strings providing generic labels for the device
  • partitions: A sequence of mappings listing the partitions to be created on the device. The mapping is described below. Incompatible with the volume_group specification.
  • volume_group: A volume group name to add the device to as a physical volume. Incompatible with the partitions specification.

Partition

A partition mapping describes a GPT partition on a physical disk. It can be left as a raw block device or formatted and mounted as a filesystem.

  • name: Metadata describing the partition in the topology

  • size: The size of the partition. See the Size Format section below

  • bootable: Boolean whether this partition should be the bootable device

  • part_uuid: A UUID4 formatted UUID to assign to the partition. If not specified one will be generated

  • filesystem: An optional mapping describing how the partition should be formatted and mounted

    • mountpoint: Where the filesystem should be mounted. If not specified the partition will be left as a raw device
    • fstype: The format of the filesystem. Defaults to ext4
    • mount_options: fstab style mount options. Default is 'defaults'
    • fs_uuid: A UUID4 formatted UUID to assign to the filesystem. If not specified one will be generated
    • fs_label: A filesystem label to assign to the filesystem. Optional.

Size Format

The size specification for a partition or logical volume is formed from three parts:

  • The first character can optionally be > indicating that the size specified is a minimum and the calculated size should be at least the minimum and should take the rest of the available space on the physical device or volume group.

  • The second part is the numeric portion and must be an integer

  • The third part is a label

    • m|M|mb|MB: Megabytes or 10^6 * the numeric
    • g|G|gb|GB: Gigabytes or 10^9 * the numeric
    • t|T|tb|TB: Terabytes or 10^12 * the numeric
    • %: The percentage of total device or volume group space

Volume Groups and Logical Volumes

Logical volumes can be used to create RAID-0 volumes spanning multiple physical disks or partitions. Each key in the volume_groups mapping is a name assigned to a volume group. This name must be specified as the volume_group attribute on one or more physical devices or partitions or the configuration is invalid. Each mapping value is another mapping describing the volume group.

  • vg_uuid: A UUID4 format uuid applied to the volume group. If not specified, one is generated
  • logical_volumes: A sequence of mappings listing the logical volumes to be created in the volume group

Logical Volume

A logical volume is a RAID-0 volume. Using logical volumes for / and /boot is supported

  • name: Required field. Used as the logical volume name.
  • size: The logical volume size. See Size Format above for details.
  • lv_uuid: A UUID4 format uuid applied to the logical volume: If not specified, one is generated
  • filesystem: A mapping specifying how the logical volume should be formatted and mounted. See the Partition section above for filesystem details.